Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 6 Articles
To evaluate the fluctuation of secondary metabolites in Arabian lilac during a year, aerial\nparts of the plant were harvested in the middle of each month. The essential oils content from fresh\nand dried plant materials was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID)\nand gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), individually. Phytochemical contents, along\nwith antiradical scavenging potential of the related methanol extracts were separately assessed.\nThe spring and autumn samples (fresh and dried) yielded more essential oil than the other samples.\nForty-one compounds were identified totally in the oils and the major constituents characterized\nwere......................
In the present work, sheets of Papyrus (Cyperus papyrus L.), manufactured by lamination\nfrom strips pre-treated with different treatments, were evaluated for their technological and fungal\ninfestation properties (Aspergillus flavus AFl375, A. niger Ani245 and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides\nCgl311). The results showed that the highest values of tensile strength, tear strength, burst index\nand double-fold number were observed in papyrus sheets produced from strips treated with\nnano-cellulose (0.25%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO 10%), Tylose (0.25%) and nano-cellulose (0.5%),\nwith values of 98.90 N.m/g, 2343.67 mN.m2/g, 1162 kpa.m2/g and 8.33, respectively. The percentage\nof brightness ranged from 49.7% (strips treated with KOH 2% + 100 mL NaClO) to 9.6% (strips treated\nwith Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark extract 2%), while the percentage of darkness ranged from 99.86%\n(strips treated with Salix babylonica leaf extract 2% or E. camaldulensis bark extract 0.5%) to 67.26%\n(strips treated with NaOH (2%) + 100 mL NaClO). From the SEM examination, sheets produced from\ntreated strips with extracts from P. rigida and E. camaldulensis or S. babylonica showed no growths of\nA. flavus and C. gloeosporioides. Additionally, other pre-treatments, such as Nano-cellulose+Tylose\n0.5% (1:1 v/v) and Tylose 0.5%, were also found to have no growth of A. niger. In conclusion,\nstrips pre-treated with nanomaterials and extracts were enhanced in terms of the technological and\nantifungal properties of produced Papyrus sheets, respectively....
A single herb can contain multiple constituents with diverse bioactivities. We found\nthat the extract of Citrus unshiu peel (CUP), induced abnormal vasoconstriction responses on\nthe freshly isolated rat aortic rings in vitro. CUP stimulated the vasoconstriction alone, and it\nsuppressed the phenylephrine-stimulated vasoconstriction. We studied the reasons behind this\nabnormal vasoconstriction pattern. Major constituents of CUP were determined and evaluated for\ntheir vaso-activities. Notably, synephrine, a contractile agonist, and nobiletin, newly identified to\nhave anti-contractile activity co-existed in CUP. Synephrine and nobiletin competitively blocked\nor activated the same contractile targets resulting in contradicting and abnormal vasoconstriction\nresponses. Accordingly, the vasoconstriction pattern varies significantly depending on the relative\ncontents of synephrine and nobiletin in CUP. Interestingly, this response pattern could be observed\nwith another plant extract, Acorus gramineus Sol. Collectively, we demonstrated that active ingredients\nwith contradicting bioactivities could co-exist in a single plant extract, interact and produce abnormal\nresponse patterns in bioassay, which would give an important insight into the interpretation of\nunusual activity patterns induced by plant extracts....
Although many investigations on phytochemicals in rice plant parts and root exudates\nhave been conducted, information on the chemical profile of essential oil (EO) and potent biological\nactivities has been limited. In this study, chemical compositions of rice leaf EO and in vitro biological\nactivities were investigated. From 1.5 kg of fresh rice leaves, an amount of 20 mg EO was obtained\nby distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray\nionization (ESI), and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) to reveal the presence of twelve\nvolatile constituents, of which methyl ricinoleate (27.86%) was the principal compound, followed\nby palmitic acid (17.34%), and linolenic acid (11.16%), while 2-pentadecanone was the least (2.13%).\nTwo phytoalexin momilactones A and B were first time identified in EO using ultra-performance\nliquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS) (9.80 and\n4.93 ng/g fresh weight, respectively), which accounted for 7.35% and 3.70% of the EO, respectively......................
Oryza sativa L. belongs to family poaceae. Black glumed variety of Njavara traditionally used effectively in the Ayurvedic system of medicine in certain specific treatments like Panchakarma. Scientific comparative studies on different extracts of Njavara rice and bran have not done. So we are interested to do phytochemical investigation and comparative antimicrobial studies on different extracts of black glumed variety of Njavara rice and bran. The different extracts of Njavara bran and rice were prepared using methanol, ethanol, chloroform and petroleum ether by maceration technique. The different extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical investigation. For the optimization purpose chromatographic technique like TLC were carried for different extracts. Comparative antimicrobial studies against E. coli, Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae of different extracts were carried out using ofloxacin as standard by well diffusion method. Preliminary phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavanoids, Proteins and aminoacids, carbohydrates, tannins and phenolic compounds. From TLC using the mobile phase methanol: n-butanol: water in the ratio 45:1:2 methanolic, ethanolic, Pet. ether and chloroform extracts showed one, one, one and two spots respectively. From the comparative antimicrobial studies against E. coli ethanolic extracts showed maximum zone of inhibition than other extracts. Against Bacillus subtilis Chloroform extracts showed maximum zone of inhibition than other extracts. Against Klebsiella pneumoniae ethanolic extracts showed maximum zone of inhibition than other extracts....
Aristolochia baetica (A. baetica) is a wild species ofAristolochiaceae family; its roots are used byMoroccan people against cancer for\nmany years ago. The objective of the study was to investigate the phytochemical screening, acute and subacute toxicity of A. baetica\nroots growing in the north of Morocco. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of A. baetica roots were performed using standard\nmethods; the acute toxicity of the root extract of the studied plant was assessed in mice by gavage of single doses of 1, 2, and 4 g/kg\nbody weight for 14 days; by the time the subacute toxicity was done using repeated doses 1, 1.5, and 2 g/kg/day for 28 days.Histological\nchanges and biochemical parameters asmarkers of kidney and liver functionwere evaluated.Theresults of phytochemical screening\nshowed the presence of polyphenols, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and the absence of anthraquinones, sterols, and\nterpenes.The results of acute toxicity showed the absence of mortality and signs of toxicity in groups treated with 1 and 2 g/kg;\nhowever, the clinical signs of toxicitywere important and the rate of mortality was estimated at 16%in the group treated with 4 g/kg.\nThe results of subacute toxicity showed several changes of serum parameters registered in groups treated with 1.5 and 2 g/kg/day,\nrespectively.The results showed also the absence of histological injuries in groups treated with 1 and 1.5 g/kg/day; meanwhile, the\nhistological alterations were remarkable in treated group with the highest dose administered of 2 g/kg/day. The outcome of this\nwork showed that the rootsâ?? extract of the studied plant was toxic inmice with repeated doses, but no toxic effect was observed with\na single dose under 4g/kg....
Loading....